Simple yet functional phosphate-loop proteins.

First Authors Maria Luisa Romero Romero
Authors Maria Luisa Romero Romero, Fan Yang, Yu-Ru Lin, Agnes Toth-Petroczy, Igor N. Berezovsky, Alexander Goncearenco, Wen Yang, Alon Wellner, Fanindra Kumar-Deshmukh, Michal Sharon, David Baker, Gabriele Varani, Dan S Tawfik
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Last Authors Dan S Tawfik
Journal Name Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A.)
Volume 115
Issue 51
Page Range 11943-11950
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Print Publication Date 2018-12-18
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Abstract Abundant and essential motifs, such as phosphate-binding loops (P-loops), are presumed to be the seeds of modern enzymes. The Walker-A P-loop is absolutely essential in modern NTPase enzymes, in mediating binding, and transfer of the terminal phosphate groups of NTPs. However, NTPase function depends on many additional active-site residues placed throughout the protein's scaffold. Can motifs such as P-loops confer function in a simpler context? We applied a phylogenetic analysis that yielded a sequence logo of the putative ancestral Walker-A P-loop element: a β-strand connected to an α-helix via the P-loop. Computational design incorporated this element into de novo designed β-α repeat proteins with relatively few sequence modifications. We obtained soluble, stable proteins that unlike modern P-loop NTPases bound ATP in a magnesium-independent manner. Foremost, these simple P-loop proteins avidly bound polynucleotides, RNA, and single-strand DNA, and mutations in the P-loop's key residues abolished binding. Binding appears to be facilitated by the structural plasticity of these proteins, including quaternary structure polymorphism that promotes a combined action of multiple P-loops. Accordingly, oligomerization enabled a 55-aa protein carrying a single P-loop to confer avid polynucleotide binding. Overall, our results show that the P-loop Walker-A motif can be implemented in small and simple β-α repeat proteins, primarily as a polynucleotide binding motif.
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DOI 10.1073/pnas.1812400115
PubMed ID 30504143
WebOfScience Link WOS:000453529800010
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Created By verhegge
Added Date 2018-11-26
Last Edited By verhegge
Last Edited Date 2019-01-07 15:21:58.985
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